The
Yorkshire Terrier, (often called simply the Yorkie), is a breed of
small dog in the terrier category.[1][2][3] The long-haired terrier is
known for its playful demeanor and distinctive blue and tan
coat.[4][1][2] Yorkies can be very small, usually weighing not more
than 7 pounds (3.18 kg); the standard of this breed does not mention
the minimum weight accepted nor does it specify a height
The
Yorkshire Terrier breed standard specifies that the dog should have a
compact, athletic build suitable for an active lifestyle; and hold
itself in an upright, confident manner.[1][2] The Yorkie has a free,
jaunty gait, with both head and tail held high[6] For Yorkies, toy
stature does not necessarily mean frail or fragile.[6]
Ancestry
As the
name implies, the Yorkshire Terrier originated in Yorkshire (and the
adjoining Lancashire), a rugged region in northern England.[35] In the
mid-nineteenth century, at the peak of England’s industrial revolution,
miners and mill workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of
work and brought with them several different varieties of small
long-coated terriers, generally known as Broken Haired Scotch terriers
(not Scotties).[6] The specific breeds that make up the Yorkshire
Terrier’s ancestry are not known, since the breeders at that time did
not keep records of the bloodlines.[35] Certain breeds, however, are
commonly thought to be the main forebears. The likely source of the
Yorkie’s small stature, long-haired coat and blue color are the
Clydesdale, Paisley, Skye and Waterside terriers, all Scottish terriers
transported to England at various times.[6] The English Black and Tan
Terrier bloodline probably gave the Yorkie its signature color
pattern.[6] These breeds were all working dogs, used to keep vermin
under control in the textile mills and coal mines.[35] Many have
suggested that the Maltese, an ancient breed (likely originating in
Asia), may be in the Yorkshire Terrier’s background as well.[35]
The
breed first appeared at an 1861 bench show in England as the
Broken-Haired Scotch Terrier, named for the dog’s Scottish terrier
ancestors.[36] Early Yorkies were also known simply as Toy Terriers,
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